Questions:

1. Why do so many clients of color fail to mention their racial stress and trauma entirely?
2. What is one harmful coping mechanism that is often used by clients of color, found to be prevalent in those who believe that enough hard work will eventually lead to them being appreciated as equal to their White counterparts?
3. Why is it that some clients of color feel they cannot relax or pursue
pleasurable activities?
4. Mindfulness can be a useful strategy with a client of color because it presents a
mechanism for accepting the negative emotions elicited by racist events,
but it can potentially be unhelpful because it does what?
5. What one example of an adaptation included in Prolonged Exposure
(PE), a first-line treatments for PTSD where clinicians can use culturally
relevant race-related trauma themes unique to the clients’ racial experience?
6. What is an additional focus of the potentially helpful approach called
Photovoice, where members of marginalized communities can use
photographs to construct narratives about experiences of adversity?
7. What is an example of a question to ask clients related to Health, Illness, and Healing?
8. Give an example of, a therapist not assuming familiarity until they grasp cultural expectations and client preferences?

Answers:

A. In the past “John Henryism” was identified was identified as being positive to promote hard work. However, in the long term, it can cause or accelerate physical ailments due to overwork.
B. Clients of color may be used to their experiences being dismissed or invalidated.
C. If it results in acceptance of repetitive mistreatment that, in turn, facilitates continued victimization due to racism
D. Because they may be judged in accordance with negative stereotypes.
E. Sharing narratives with others to facilitate critical consciousness-raising and impact policy, and thus could be a potentially important strategy in addressing racial trauma.
F. Asking explicitly about race-related issues throughout the treatments, and then bringing those distressing aspects to the center of treatment during imaginal exposures.
G. Whether to address clients or their families informally, as the therapist
may be perceived as disrespectful.
H. "What traditional healing practices and treatments for psychological concerns and substance misuse are endorsed by members of your cultural group?"