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Section 2
Treating Stress and Trauma due to Racism - John Henryism

Question 2 | Test | Table of Contents

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Williams, M. T., Holmes, S. H., Zare, M., Haeny, A., & Faber, S. (2023). An Evidence-Based Approach for Treating Stress and Trauma due to Racism. Cogn Behav Pract. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2022.07.001.

Peer-Reviewed Journal Article References:
Mekawi, Y., Silverstein, M. W., Belizaire, S., Ware, M., Powers, A., & Carter, S. (2025). How well does the Index of Race-Related Stress-brief function in a trauma-exposed Black community sample? An item response theory examination of discrimination and difficulty parameters. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 17(4), 848–856. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001645

Guo, Z., & Jin, L. (2026). Experiences of racism and race-based traumatic stress symptoms among people of Chinese heritage in Canada: The moderating role of resilience. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 18(2), 448–456. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001966

Briere, J., Runtz, M., & Rodd, K. (2025). Social maltreatment as trauma: Posttraumatic correlates of a new measure of exposure to sexism, racism, and cisheterosexism. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 17(2), 387–395. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001636

QUESTION 2
What is one harmful coping mechanism that is often used by clients of color, found to be prevalent in those who believe that enough hard work will eventually lead to them being appreciated as equal to their White counterparts? To select and enter your answer go to Test.