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Section 17
Participant Bystander Role

Question 17 | Test | Table of Contents

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control

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- Hamburger ME, Basile KC, Vivolo AM. Measuring Bullying Victimization, Perpetration, and Bystander Experiences: A Compendium of Assessment Tools. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 2011, p. 101-105.

Update
Participant Role Behavior
in Cyberbullying: an Examination
of Moral Disengagement
Among College Students

- Jeong, R., Gilbertson, M., Riffle, L. N., & Demaray, M. K. (2022). Participant Role Behavior in Cyberbullying: an Examination of Moral Disengagement Among College Students. International journal of bullying prevention : an official publication of the International Bullying Prevention Association, 1–13.

Peer-Reviewed Journal Article References:
Casey, E. A., Storer, H. L., & Herrenkohl, T. I. (2018). Mapping a continuum of adolescent helping and bystander behavior within the context of dating violence and bullying. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 88(3), 335–345. 

Clark, K. N., Eldridge, M. A., Dorio, N. B., Demaray, M. K., & Smith, T. J. (2021). Bullying, victimization, and bystander behavior: Risk factors across elementary–middle school transition. School Psychology.

Casey, E. A., Storer, H. L., & Herrenkohl, T. I. (2018). Mapping a continuum of adolescent helping and bystander behavior within the context of dating violence and bullying. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 88(3), 335–345. 

Gini, G., Thornberg, R., & Pozzoli, T. (2020). Individual moral disengagement and bystander behavior in bullying: The role of moral distress and collective moral disengagement. Psychology of Violence, 10(1), 38–47. 

QUESTION 17
How are the Peer-estimated scores computed?
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